Which option does not contribute to developing pro-social behaviors in early elementary students?

Independent play does not contribute significantly to developing pro-social behaviors in early elementary students because it typically involves solitary activities that do not require interaction with peers. While independent play can promote self-regulation and individual creativity, the cultivation of pro-social behaviors—such as cooperation, empathy, and sharing—primarily occurs through interactions with others.

In contrast, role modeling, one-on-one interactions, and active play are all strategies that encourage social engagement and help students learn from one another. Role modeling sets an example for appropriate social behaviors, while one-on-one interactions provide opportunities for meaningful exchanges and feedback. Active play often involves group activities that necessitate cooperation, negotiation, and communication among peers, thereby reinforcing social skills and fostering friendships.